![]() The Category III ILS with its three subclasses is more rarely used and comes with very low minimums. Pilots landing using a Category II ILS have a decision height minimum of not less than 100 feet and 1,800 to 1,200 feet RVR is required. A Category II ILS has additional equipment, facilities, and pilot training which are required since the minimums are lower. Some airlines and corporate flight departments are FAA authorized to use Category II instrument landing systems. Most Instrument Landing Systems are Category I with a decision height of no less than 200 feet and visibility minimums of one-half mile or 2,400 feet of runway visual range (RVR). There are three categories of Instrument Landing Systems, each with their own minimums. An inoperative glideslope transmitter means that pilots can still fly a non-precision localizer instrument approach. If the localizer is inoperative, the airfield is not authorized for ILS landings. Both the localizer and glideslope communicate with aircraft via radio beams and together they provide the navigational guidance that pilots need to safely land. They are aided by marker beacons and the approach lighting system (ALS). The two key physical components of the Instrument Landing System are the localizer and the glideslope. The FAA describes the ILS saying it provides aircraft with “precision vertical and horizontal navigation guidance information during approach and landing.” They also note that, “associated Marker Beacons and/or Low Power Distance Measuring Equipment (LPDME) identify distance to the runway.” How does an Instrument Landing System work? What is an Instrument Landing System?Īn instrument landing system is one of the primary landing navigation aids used by pilots flying under instrument flight rules (IFR). The ILS has been around and being used to help IFR pilots land for more than fifty years. Indicates if the navaid equipment has been flight checked.When you make the leap and decide to earn your instrument certification, one of the first new systems that your CFI will be introducing you to is the ILS, or instrument landing system. The year the magnetic variation was measured. The accuracy of the measured angle between Magnetic North and True North at the VOR and at the time reported in dateMagneticVariation ![]() The following rule of thumb applies: ""variation east-magnetic least, variation west-magnetic best"". Therefore, magnetic bearing + magnetic variation = true bearing. By convention, the measure is expressed as a positive number if Magnetic North is to the east of True North and negative if Magnetic North is to the west of True North. The measured angle between Magnetic North and True North at the VOR and at the time reported in dateMagneticVariation. Indicates if the navaid equipment is mobile. The long name given to the navaid equipment.Ī code indicating the type of emission, as defined at the 1979 ITU World Administrative Radio Conference. The identifying code given to the navaid. The angular difference between True North and the station declination (Magnetic North - as indicated by the station).Īccuracy of the localizer course width, in degrees.Ī code indicating the usability of the localizer signal in the back course sector. ![]() ![]() Note : The True North is the north point at which the meridian lines meet.Īccuracy of the measured angle between the localizer beam and True North at the localizer antenna. The measured angle between the localizer beam and True North at the localizer antenna. The measured angle between the localizer beam and Magnetic North at the localizer antenna.Īccuracy of the measured angle between the localizer beam and Magnetic North at the localizer antenna. ![]()
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